#10 El Nino Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

#10 El Nino - Essay Example In normal years, ocean current flows to the north towards the Equator down the western coast of South America. The water on the ocean surface was being drawn away from the continent and to be replaced by cold nutrient-rich water pushed upwards from the ocean depth. This process is known as upwelling. During this season, a good harvest is being anticipated by fishermen of the area. Further, colder weather is experienced by the people living in this area since the ocean surface is cold during this time. During El Nià ±o year, the warm pool of water flows eastward until it spreads in the entire Pacific Ocean. For this reason, the cool water of the South American coast is replaced by warmer waters, thus weakening the upwelling process (Trenberth 1997). In effect, the surface of the sea temperature rises beyond the normal range. This occurrence means heavy rainfall and eventual flooding in some South American countries and drought and very dry season in Indonesia, Australia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Northeastern South America with altered patterns of tropical storms in the tropical belt (Enfield n.d.). Global warming is also a great contributor to this kind of phenomena. The coastal warming is being associated with a more widespread irregular ocean warming to the International Dateline and it is this Pacific basin-wide phenomenon that forms the link with strange global climate patterns. This component joined to El Nià ±o is called the Southern Oscillation (Trenberth 1997). ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) is the phenomenon where the atmosphere and ocean collaborates together. The El Nino phenomenon is the warm phase of ENSO, and its opposite, La Nià ±a, the occurrence where cooling of the tropical Pacific takes place corresponds to the cold phase of ENSO. The El Nià ±o, or ENSO for scientists, can be considered as a normal occurrence based on nature patterns studied by some scientists. But still, it greatly affects global climate

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Research Paper Example The procurement industry takes care of the acquisition process that is involved with the goods and services right from order placement down towards invoice and payments. It is also known as the sourcing industry. The important phases of a procurement industry bank on the purchase planning phase, the determination of the standards which essentially need to be followed, the development of proper specifications, supplier research and selection methodologies, the analysis based on the provision of value, the financing measures, the price negotiation terms and conditions, the eventual purchase, the supply contract administering, the inventory control and storage methods and lastly the disposals and related functions. There are certain specifications which essentially define the basis of process capital equipments. These requirements are specified by an engineer as he tries to bring forward a need and thus ask the vendors who are aspiring to sell him the goods and services. These vendors also suggest equipments that could fill the need which arises on the part of the engineer or the buying party. The process capital equipment therefore comes about in full circle when all the needs are fulfilled and met in a holistic way. This brings to light the notion of procurement which is deemed as very essential right from the outset. Process capital equipment touches the salient basis of procurement regimes and hence asks for the relevant equipments so that the pertinent needs and requirements could be met in a corrective fashion. This is important as it sets the ball rolling for the procurement process and indeed helps in completing the process capital realms as well. Bulk solids handling allows for provision of comprehensive knowledge as well as timely information regarding the different aspects of dry bulk materials that are essentially handled